Research studies proving the efficacy of neurofeedback have been conducted the world-over. Below is a list of published studies that show neurofeedback works and is helpful in all aspects of life.
- Ayache, S. S., Bardel, B., Lefaucheur, J. P., & Chalah, M. A. (2021). Neurofeedback therapy for the management of multiple sclerosis symptoms: current knowledge and future perspectives. Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, 20(3), 745-754. https://doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2003079
- Bauer, C. C., Okano, K., Ghosh, S. S., Lee, Y. J., Melero, H., de Los Angeles, C., … & Whitfield-Gabrieli, S. (2020). Real-time fMRI neurofeedback reduces auditory hallucinations and modulates resting state connectivity of involved brain regions: Part 2: Default mode network-preliminary evidence. Psychiatry research, 284, 112770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112770
- Berman, M. H. (2020). Connecting the isomorphic dots: From Bioenergetics and character structure to EEG neurofeedback. In Neurofeedback (pp. 17-23). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2020.1791777
- Collura, T. F. (2017). Quantitative EEG and live z-score neurofeedback—current clinical and scientific context. Biofeedback, 45(2), 25-29. https://doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-45.1.07
- Enriquez-Geppert, S., Huster, R. J., & Herrmann, C. S. (2017). EEG-neurofeedback as a tool to modulate cognition and behavior: a review tutorial. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 11, 51.
- Eroğlu, G. (2020). Improving reading abilities in dyslexia with neurofeedback and multi-sensory learning (Doctoral dissertation).
- Eroğlu, G., Gürkan, M., Teber, S., Ertürk, K., Kırmızı, M., Ekici, B., … & Çetin, M. (2022). Changes in EEG complexity with neurofeedback and multi-sensory learning in children with dyslexia: A multiscale entropy analysis. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 11(2), 133-144.
- Taskov, T., & Dushanova, J. (2022). Improving functional connectivity in developmental dyslexia through combined neurofeedback and visual training. Symmetry, 14(2), 369.
- Harandi, V., & Moghadam, N. K. (2017). A comparison of the effectiveness of Neurofeedback (NFB) training method and fernald’s multisensory approach on dictation performance among students suffering from dictation disorder (Dysgraphia). Focus on Sciences, 3(1), 1-6.
- Mousavi, S. E., Omidian, M., Behroozi, N., & Hajiyakhchali, A. (2023). Comparing the Effectiveness of Neurofeedback, Neuropsychology, and Phonological Awareness Methods in Improving Dyslexia Symptoms of Students: A Network Meta-analysis. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (In Press).
- Kouhbanani, S. S., Khosrorad, R., Hashemian, M., & Nasehnezhad, M. (2015). Influence of neurofeedback in improving the deaf students’ reading after cochlear implantation. Journal of Medicine and Life, 8(Spec Iss 3), 44.
- Farnia, S., Kiani-Chelmardi, M., Mobini, M., Mehrpour, A., Fattahi, S., Zarghami, M., … & Abedi-Omali, N. (2020). Comparison of alpha–theta neurofeedback versus sensorimotor rhythm neurofeedback in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Chronic Diseases Journal, 105-111. https://doi.org.10.22122/cdj.v8i3.523
- Fleischman, M. J. (2022). Documenting the Impact of Infra Low Frequency Neurofeedback on Underserved Populations With Complex Clinical Presentations. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16, 921491. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.921491
- Gruzelier, J. H. (2014). EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. III: A review of methodological and theoretical considerations. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 44, 159-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.015
- Hammer, B. U., Colbert, A. P., Brown, K. A., & Ilioi, E. C. (2011). Neurofeedback for insomnia: A pilot study of Z-score SMR and individualized protocols. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 36, 251-264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-011-9165-y
- Hammond, D. C. (2019). Personal perspectives on neurofeedback. Neurofeedback: The First Fifty Years, 183.
- Hartman, D. (2010). Treatment of Chronic Fatigue with Neurofeedback and Self-hypnosis. Journal of Heart Centered Therapies, 13(1), 59-60. https://doi.org/10.3233/nre-2001-16415
- Koush, Y., Rosa, M. J., Robineau, F., Heinen, K., Rieger, S. W., Weiskopf, N., Vuilleumier, P., Van De Ville, D. & Scharnowski, F. (2013). Connectivity-based neurofeedback: dynamic causal modeling for real-time fMRI. Neuroimage, 81, 422-430.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.010
- Lanius, U. (2019). Developmental Trauma, LENS and Neural Regulation: Brain and Body. APJNT Journal, 23.
- Legarda, S. B., McMahon, D., Othmer, S., & Othmer, S. (2011). Clinical neurofeedback: case studies, proposed mechanism, and implications for pediatric neurology practice. Journal of Child Neurology, 26(8), 1045-1051.https://doi.org/10.1177/0883073811405052
- Lubianiker, N., Paret, C., Dayan, P., & Hendler, T. (2022). Neurofeedback through the lens of reinforcement learning. Trends in Neurosciences, 45(8), 579-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2022.03.008
- Luctkar-Flude, M. F., Tyerman, J., & Groll, D. (2019). Exploring the use of neurofeedback by cancer survivors: results of interviews with neurofeedback providers and clients. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(1), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_34_18
- Markovics, J. A. (2021). Training the Conductor of the Brainwave Symphony: In Search of a Common Mechanism of Action for All Methods of Neurofeedback. In Brain-Computer Interface. IntechOpen.
- McCarthy, R. E. (2019). My neurofeedback story. Neurofeedback: The First Fifty Years, 291.
- Mir, S. A., & Khan, F. (2019). Efficacy of low energy neurofeedback system in rehabilitation of mental health disorders. Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation, 8(1), 49-52.
- Mottaz, A., Solcà, M., Magnin, C., Corbet, T., Schnider, A., & Guggisberg, A. G. (2015). Neurofeedback training of alpha-band coherence enhances motor performance. Clinical Neurophysiology, 126(9), 1754-1760.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2014.11.023
- Neuber, J. (2020). The effect of neurofeedback training on sleep and mood.
- Othmer, S. F. (2020). History of the Othmer method: an evolving clinical model and process. In Neurofeedback (pp. 327-334). Academic Press.
- Othmer, S., & Othmer, S. F. (2017). Toward a frequency-based theory of neurofeedback. In Rhythmic Stimulation Procedures in Neuromodulation (pp. 225-278). Academic Press.
- https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803726-3.00008-0
- Patel, K., Sutherland, H., Henshaw, J., Taylor, J. R., Brown, C. A., Casson, A. J., Trujillo-Barreton, N. J. & Sivan, M. (2020). Effects of neurofeedback in the management of chronic pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials. European Journal of Pain, 24(8), 1440-1457.
- https://doi.oirg/10.1002/ejp.1612
- Perl, M., & Perl, D. (2019). EEG amplitude neurofeedback: a review of the research. APJNT Journal, 44.
- Ros, T., J. Baars, B., Lanius, R. A., & Vuilleumier, P. (2014). Tuning pathological brain oscillations with neurofeedback: a systems neuroscience framework. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 8, 1008. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01008
- Ros, T., Frewen, P., Theberge, J., Michela, A., Kluetsch, R., Mueller, A., Candrian, G., Jetly, R., Vuilleumier, P. & Lanius, R. A. (2017). Neurofeedback tunes scale-free dynamics in spontaneous brain activity. Cerebral Cortex, 27(10), 4911-4922.https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhw285
- Scott, S. M., & Gehrke, L. (2019). Neurofeedback during creative expression as a therapeutic tool. Mobile brain-body imaging and the neuroscience of art, innovation and creativity, 161-166.
- Shibata, K., Lisi, G., Cortese, A., Watanabe, T., Sasaki, Y., & Kawato, M. (2019). Toward a comprehensive understanding of the neural mechanisms of decoded neurofeedback. Neuroimage, 188, 539-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.022
- Sime, A. (2004). Case study of trigeminal neuralgia using neurofeedback and peripheral biofeedback. Journal of Neurotherapy, 8(1), 59-71. https://doi.org/10.1300/J184v08n01_05
- Sokhadze, E. M., El-Baz, A. S., Tasman, A., Sears, L. L., Wang, Y., Lamina, E. V., & Casanova, M. F. (2014). Neuromodulation integrating rTMS and neurofeedback for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: an exploratory study. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 39, 237-257.
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-014-9264-7.
- Torres, C. B., Barona, E. J. G., Molina, M. G., Sánchez, M. E. G. B., & Manso, J. M. M. (2023). A systematic review of EEG neurofeedback in fibromyalgia to treat psychological variables, chronic pain and general health. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 1-19.
- Walker, J. E. (2010). Recent advances in quantitative EEG as an aid to diagnosis and as a guide to neurofeedback training for cortical hypofunctions, hyperfunctions, disconnections, and hyperconnections: Improving efficacy in complicated neurological and psychological disorder. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-009-9107-0
- Walker, J. E. (2011). QEEG-guided neurofeedback for recurrent migraine headaches. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience, 42(1), 59-61.https://doi.org/10.1177/155005941104200112
- Watanabe, T., Sasaki, Y., Shibata, K., & Kawato, M. (2017). Advances in fMRI real-time neurofeedback. Trends in cognitive sciences, 21(12), 997-1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.09.
- White, N. E., & Richards, L. M. (2023). Alpha–theta neurotherapy and the neurobehavioral treatment of addictions, mood disorders, and trauma. In Introduction to quantitative EEG and neurofeedback (pp. 397-410). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89827-0.00006-1
- Wodtke, D. (2023). PERSONAL EXPERIENCES: My Continuing Healing Journey with LENS. Biofeedback, 51(1).
- Wolak, T., Rogala, J., Wojciechowski, J., Cygan, B. H., & Wójcik, J. (2022). Real-time fMRI neurofeedback–a promising tool for treating tinnitus. Journal of Hearing Science, 12(1).
- Yamada, T., Hashimoto, R. I., Yahata, N., Ichikawa, N., Yoshihara, Y., Okamoto, Y., … & Kawato, M. (2017). Resting-state functional connectivity-based biomarkers and functional MRI-based neurofeedback for psychiatric disorders: a challenge for developing theranostic biomarkers. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 20(10), 769-781. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyx059
- Young, M. J., Lin, D. J., & Hochberg, L. R. (2021, March). Brain–Computer Interfaces in Neurorecovery and Neurorehabilitation. In Seminars in neurology (Vol. 41, No. 02, pp. 206-216). 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA: Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
Improved brain function
- Haller, S., Kopel, R., Jhooti, P., Haas, T., Scharnowski, F., Lovblad, K. O., Scheffler, K., & Van De Ville, D. (2013). Dynamic reconfiguration of human brain functional networks through neurofeedback. Neuroimage, 81, 243-252.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.019
- Ghaziri, J., Tucholka, A., Larue, V., Blanchette-Sylvestre, M., Reyburn, G., Gilbert, G., Levesque, L., & Beauregard, M. (2013). Neurofeedback training induces changes in white and gray matter. Clinical EEG and neuroscience, 44(4), 265-272.https://doi.org/10.1177/1550059413476031
- Megumi et al., 2015, F. Megumi, A. Yamashita, M. Kawato, H. Imamizu, Functional MRI neurofeedback training on connectivity between two regions induces long-lasting changes in intrinsic functional network, Front. Hum. Neurosci., Vol. 9, 2015, 160
- Gruzelier, J. H. (2014). EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. I: A review of cognitive and affective outcome in healthy participants. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 44, 124-141. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.09.015
- Mathiak et al., 2015, K.A. Mathiak, Social reward improves the voluntary control over localized brain activity in fMRI-based neurofeedback training, Front. Behav. Neurosci., Vol. 9, 2015, 136
Anxiety
- Bennett, C. M., Lambie, G. W., Bai, H., & Hundley, G. (2022). Neurofeedback training to address college students’ symptoms of anxiety and stress: A quasi-experimental design. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 36(2), 170-189. https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2020.1791777
- Dreis, S. M., Gouger, A. M., Perez, E. G., Russo, G. M., Fitzsimmons, M. A., & Jones, M. S. (2015). Using neurofeedback to lower anxiety symptoms using individualized qEEG protocols: A pilot study. NeuroRegulation, 2, 137-148. doi:10.15540/nr.2.3.137
- Dreis, S. M., Gouger, A. M., Perez, E. G., Russo, G. M., Fitzsimmons, M. A., & Jones, M. S. (2015). Using neurofeedback to lower anxiety symptoms using individualized qEEG protocols: A pilot study. NeuroRegulation, 2, 137-148. doi:10.15540/nr.2.3.137
- Moss, D. (2016). Anxiety and anxiety disorders. In G. Tan, F. Shaffer, R. Lyle, & I. Teo (Eds.), Evidence-based treatment in biofeedback and neurofeedback. Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (pp. 27-31). Wheat Ridge, CO.
- New Behaviour Research and Therapy Study Findings Recently Were Reported by Researchers at University of Padua (Frontal alpha asymmetry neurofeedback for the reduction of negative affect and anxiety) Psychology & Psychiatry Journal; Atlanta 27 May 2017: 235.
Cravings
- Kim et al., 2015, D.Y. Kim, S.S. Yoo, M. Tegethoff, G. Meinlschmidt, J.H. Lee, The inclusion of functional connectivity information into fMRI-based neurofeedback improves its efficacy in the reduction of cigarette cravings, J. Cogn. Neurosci., Vol. 27, Iss. 8, 2015, 1552-1572
- Kirsch M, Gruber I, Ruf M, Kiefer F, Kirsch P. Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback can reduce striatal cue-reactivity to alcohol stimuli. Addict Biol. 2015.
- Rostami, R; Dehghani-arani, F. Neurofeedback Training as a New Method in Treatment of Crystal Methamphetamine Dependent Patients: A Preliminary Study. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback; New York40.3 (Sep 2015): 151-161.
Athletic and Cognitive Performance
- Sherlin, L. H., & Larson Ford, N. (2016). Biofeedback and neurofeedback in enhancing performance. In G. Tan, F. Shaffer, R. Lyle, & I. Teo (Eds.), Evidence-based practice in biofeedback and neurofeedback (3rd ed., pp. XX-XX). Wheat Ridge, CO: Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback.
- Gruzelier JH. EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. I: a review of cognitive and affective outcome in healthy participants. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 ; 44 : 124 – 141. 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.09.015
- Pacheco, N. C. (2016). Neurofeedback for peak performance training. journal of Mental Health Counseling, 38, 116-123. doi:10.17744/mehc.38.2.03.
- Gruzelier, J., Egner, T., & Vernon, D. (2006). Validating the efficacy of neurofeedback for optimising performance. Progress in Brain Research, 159, 421–431. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)59027-2.
- Hammond, D. C. (2007). Neurofeedback for the enhancement of athletic performance and physical balance. The Journal of the American Board of Sport Psychology, 1, 1–9.
- Hanslmayr, S., Sauseng, P., Doppelmayr, M., Schabus, M., & Klimesch, W. (2005). Increasing individual upper alpha power by neurofeedback improves cognitive performance in Human subjects. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 30(1), 1–10. doi:10.1007/s10484-005-2169-8.
- Ros, T., Moseley, M. J., Bloom, P. A., Benjamin, L., Parkinson, L. A., & Gruzelier, J. H. (2009). Optimizing microsurgical skills with EEG neurofeedback. BMC Neuroscience, 10, 87. doi:10.1186/ 1471-2202-10-87.
- Vernon, D., Dempster, T., Bazanova, O., Rutterford, N., Pasqualini, M., & Andersen, S. (2009). Alpha neurofeedback training for performance enhancement: Reviewing the methodology. Journal of Neurotherapy, 13(4), 214–227. doi:10.1080/10874200903334397.
- Vernon, D., Egner, T., Cooper, N., Compton, T., Neilands, C., Sheri, A., & Gruzelier, J. H. (2003). The effect of training distinct neurofeedback protocols on aspects of cognitive performance. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 47, 75–85. doi:10. 1016/S0167-8760(02)00091-0.
- Zoefel, B., Huster, R. J., & Herrmann, C. S. (2011). Neurofeedback training of the upper alpha frequency band in EEG improves cognitive performance. Neuroimage, 54, 1427–1431. doi:10. 1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.078.
Depression
- White, N. E., & Richards, L. M. (2023). Alpha–theta neurotherapy and the neurobehavioral treatment of addictions, mood disorders, and trauma. In Introduction to quantitative EEG and neurofeedback (pp. 397-410). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89827-0.00006-1
- Tsuchiyagaito, A., Smith, J. L., El-Sabbagh, N., Zotev, V., Misaki, M., Al Zoubi, O., … & Savitz, J. (2021). Real-time fMRI neurofeedback amygdala training may influence kynurenine pathway metabolism in major depressive disorder. NeuroImage: Clinical, 29, 102559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102559
- Melnikov, M. Y. (2021). The current evidence levels for biofeedback and neurofeedback interventions in treating depression: a narrative review. Neural Plasticity, 2021. vol. 2021, Article ID
- Takamura, M., Okada, G., Kamishikiryo, T., Itai, E., Kato, M., Motegi, T., … & Okamoto, Y. (2023). Application of functional connectivity neurofeedback in patients with treatment-resistant depression: A preliminary report. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 14, 100644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100644
- Maroon, J. (2022). The Connectome the Treatment of Behavioral Disorders Psychosurgery, Neuromodulation, Psychedelics, and HBOT. NeuroRegulation, 9(4), 187-188.
- Micoulaud-Franchi, J. A., Jeunet, C., Pelissolo, A., & Ros, T. (2021). EEG neurofeedback for anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorders: A blueprint for a promising brain-based therapy. Current psychiatry reports, 23, 1-14.
- Russo, G. M., Balkin, R. S., & Lenz, A. S. (2022). A meta‐analysis of neurofeedback for treating anxiety‐spectrum disorders. Journal of Counseling & Development, 100(3), 236-251. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12424
- Chen, C., Xiao, X., Belkacem, A. N., Lu, L., Wang, X., Yi, W., Li, P., Wang, C., Sha, s., Zhao, X. & Ming, D. (2021). Efficacy evaluation of neurofeedback-based anxiety relief. Frontiers in neuroscience, 15, 758068.https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.758068
- Gregory, J. C., Romero, D. E., & Jones, M. S. (2023). Exploring single-case research design with individualized anxiety-based neurofeedback protocols and session data. NeuroRegulation, 10(3), 159-159. https://doi.org/10.15540/nr.10.3.159
- Jabr, H. S., Alreda, J. J. A., Shehab, A. F., Altalkany, G. A., & Mahdi, S. S. (2022). Comparing the Effectiveness of Group Reality Therapy and Neurofeedback in Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Prostate Cancer. International Journal of Body, Mind & Culture (2345-5802), 9.
- Liu, S., Hao, X., Liu, X., He, Y., Zhang, L., An, X., … & Ming, D. (2022). Sensorimotor rhythm neurofeedback training relieves anxiety in healthy people. Cognitive Neurodynamics, 1-14.
- Jafari Nodoushan, Z., Mirhosseini, H., Yamola, M., Bidaki, R., Hasibi, E., Jafari, A., Gavar, S. A. & Shizarpour, A. (2022). Effect of Neurofeedback on Anxiety, Dyslexia, and Dysgraphia in Elementary Students Afflicted with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-a Pilot Study. Novelty in Clinical Medicine, 1(2), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.22034/NCM.2022.327848.1018
- Nooripour, R., Sikström, S., Ghanbari, N., Hosseinian, S., Hassani-Abharian, P., & Ilanloo, H. (2021). Neurofeedback rehabilitation reduces anxiety in methamphetamine abusers. NeuroRegulation, 8(3), 128-128.
- Abdian, H., Rezaei, M., Eskandari, Z., Ramezani, S., Pirzeh, R., & Dadashi, M. (2021). The effect of quantitative electroencephalography-based neurofeedback therapy on anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation in people with generalized anxiety disorder. Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, 12(2), 281. https://doi.org10.32598/bcn.12.2.2378.1
- Valentin, I., & Taudin, C. (2022). Loreta Z-Score Neurofeedback in Nine Clients with Anxiety and Posterior Cingulated Deviations. NeuroRegulation, 9(4), 204-205.
- Balt, K., Du Toit, P., Smith, M. L., & van Rensburg, C. J. (2020). The effect of infraslow frequency neurofeedback on autonomic nervous system function in adults with anxiety and related diseases. NeuroRegulation, 7(2), 64-64.
- Perez, Tyson M., Paul Glue, Divya B. Adhia, Muhammad S. Navid, Jiaxu Zeng, Peter Dillingham, Mark Smith, Imran K. Niazi, Calvin K. Young, and Dirk De Ridder. “Infraslow closed-loop brain training for anxiety and depression (ISAD): a protocol for a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot trial in adult females with internalizing disorders.” Trials 23, no. 1 (2022): 1-26.
- Shokhmgar Z, Sanagoo A, Mohammadpour M, Khaleghi H, Ahangi A, Mehrandish N et al . (2019).Comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and neurofeedback for reducing symptoms of anxiety. Journal of Clinical and Basic Research, 3(2), 1-7.
- Gregory, J. C., Romero, D., & Jones, M. S. (2020). Predictors of neurofeedback outcomes following qEEG individualized protocols for anxiety. NeuroRegulation, 7(1), 18-18.
- Sheikh, M., Aghasoleimani Najafabadi, M., Shahrbanian, S., & Alavizadeh, S. M. (2022). Effectiveness of Neurofeedback With Selected Training Program on Motor Function, Anxiety, and Sleep Habits in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 11(3), 356-369.
- Morgenroth, E., Saviola, F., Gilleen, J., Allen, B., Lührs, M., Eysenck, M. W., & Allen, P. (2020). Using connectivity-based real-time fMRI neurofeedback to modulate attentional and resting state networks in people with high trait anxiety. NeuroImage: Clinical, 25, 102191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102191
- Zadkhosh, S. M., Zandi, H. G., & Hemayattalab, R. (2018). Neurofeedback versus mindfulness on young football players anxiety and performance. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 4(4), 132-141. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.467470
- Salama, A. M., Abdel-Latif, S., Omar, T., & Abou El Wafa, H. (2022). Neurofeedback training and cognitive behavior therapy for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in children and adolescents: A comparative study. NeuroRegulation, 9(1), 29-29.
- Miri Sargazi, T., & Mansouri, A. (2019). Comparison of the effectiveness of mindfulness based on stress reduction therapy and neurofeedback training on the clinical symptoms of individual with generalized anxiety disorder: A clinical trial study. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, 21(2), 1-8.
- Da Costa, N. M. C., Bicho, E. G., & Dias, N. S. (2019). Does priming subjects, with not only resting state but also with mindfulness or/and guided imagery, affect self-regulation of SMR neurofeedback? Framework to improve brain selfregulation and support the rehabilitation of disorders such as depression, anxi. In Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Conference Abstract: XVI Meeting of the Portuguese Society for Neuroscience (SPN2019).
- Fernández-Álvarez, J., Grassi, M., Colombo, D., Botella, C., Cipresso, P., Perna, G., & Riva, G. (2022). Efficacy of bio-and neurofeedback for depression: a meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 52(2), 201-216.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721004396
- Barlas, D. (2021). A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Neurofeedback on Depression. NeuroRegulation, 8(2), 104-104.https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070899
- Quevedo, K., Yuan Teoh, J., Engstrom, M., Wedan, R., Santana-Gonzalez, C., Zewde, B., … & Cohen Kadosh, K. (2020). Amygdala circuitry during neurofeedback training and symptoms’ change in adolescents with varying depression. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14, 110. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00110
- Melnikov, M. Y. (2021). The current evidence levels for biofeedback and neurofeedback interventions in treating depression: a narrative review. Neural Plasticity, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8878857
- Bruno, A., Celebre, L., Tagliavia, G., Zoccali, R. A., & Muscatello, M. R. A. (2021). Combining intensive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with neurofeedback in a case of treatment-resistant depression. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 63(2), 199. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_351_20
- Kaur, C., Singh, P., Sahni, S., & Punia, C. (2019). Advanced spatially specific neurofeedback for symptoms of depression and its electroencephalographic correlates. Alternative therapies in health and medicine, 25(3), 54-63.
- Jabr, H. S., Alreda, J. J. A., Shehab, A. F., Altalkany, G. A., & Mahdi, S. S. (2022). Comparing the Effectiveness of Group Reality Therapy and Neurofeedback in Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Prostate Cancer. International Journal of Body, Mind & Culture (2345-5802), 9.
- Orendáčová, M., Kvašňák, E., & Vránová, J. (2022). Effect of neurofeedback therapy on neurological post-COVID-19 complications (A pilot study). PLoS One, 17(7), e0271350. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271350
- Jaeckle, T., Williams, S. C., Barker, G. J., Basilio, R., Carr, E., Goldsmith, K., Colasanti, A., Giampietro, V., Cleare, A., Young, A. H., Moll, J. & Zahn, R. (2023). Self-blame in major depression: a randomised pilot trial comparing fMRI neurofeedback with self-guided psychological strategies. Psychological Medicine, 53(7), 2831-2841.
- Abdian, H., Rezaei, M., Eskandari, Z., Ramezani, S., Pirzeh, R., & Dadashi, M. (2021). The effect of quantitative electroencephalography-based neurofeedback therapy on anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation in people with generalized anxiety disorder. Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, 12(2), 281. https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.12.2.2378.1
- Keller, M., Zweerings, J., Klasen, M., Zvyagintsev, M., Iglesias, J., Mendoza Quiñones, R., & Mathiak, K. (2021). fMRI neurofeedback-enhanced cognitive reappraisal training in depression: a double-blind comparison of left and right vlPFC regulation. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 715898. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.715898
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- Ahrweiler, N., Santana-Gonzalez, C., Zhang, N., Quandt, G., Ashtiani, N., Liu, G., Engstrom, M., Schultz, E., Liengswangwong, R., Teoh, J. Y., Kozachok, K. & Quevedo, K. (2022). Neural Activity Associated with Symptoms Change in Depressed Adolescents following Self-Processing Neurofeedback. Brain sciences, 12(9), 1128.https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091128
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- Orendáčová, M., Kvašňák, E., & Vránová, J. (2022). Effect of neurofeedback therapy on neurological post-COVID-19 complications (A pilot study). PLoS One, 17(7), e0271350. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271350
- Quevedo, K., Liu, G., Teoh, J. Y., Ghosh, S., Zeffiro, T., Ahrweiler, N., … & Paret, C. (2019). Neurofeedback and neuroplasticity of visual self-processing in depressed and healthy adolescents: A preliminary study. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 40, 100707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100707
- Lee, Y. J., Lee, G. W., Seo, W. S., Koo, B. H., Kim, H. G., & Cheon, E. J. (2019). Neurofeedback treatment on depressive symptoms and functional recovery in treatment-resistant patients with major depressive disorder: an open-label pilot study. Journal of Korean medical science, 34(42). https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e287
- Taylor, J. E., Yamada, T., Kawashima, T., Kobayashi, Y., Yoshihara, Y., Miyata, J., Murai, T., Kawato, T. & Motegi, T. (2022). Depressive symptoms reduce when dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-precuneus connectivity normalizes after functional connectivity neurofeedback. Scientific reports, 12(1), 2581. https://doi.org/s41598-022-05860-1
- Leem, J., Cheong, M. J., Lee, H., Cho, E., Lee, S. Y., Kim, G. W., & Kang, H. W. (2021, October). Effectiveness, cost-utility, and safety of neurofeedback self-regulating training in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial. In Healthcare (Vol. 9, No. 10, p. 1351). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101351
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- Hou, Y., Zhang, S., Li, N., Huang, Z., Wang, L., & Wang, Y. (2021). Neurofeedback training improves anxiety trait and depressive symptom in GAD. Brain and Behavior, 11(3), e02024. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2024
- Tschiesner, R. (2023). Infra-Low-Frequency Neurofeedback Treatment in Dysthymia: A Case Study. Behavioral Sciences, 13(9), 711. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13090711
- Tsuchiyagaito, A., Smith, J. L., El-Sabbagh, N., Zotev, V., Misaki, M., Al Zoubi, O., … & Savitz, J. (2021). Real-time fMRI neurofeedback amygdala training may influence kynurenine pathway metabolism in major depressive disorder. NeuroImage: Clinical, 29, 102559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102559
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Epilepsy
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- Sterman, M. B., & Egner, T. (2006). Foundation and practice of neurofeedback for treatment of epilepsy. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 31(1), 21–35. doi:10.1007/s10484-006-9002-x.
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- Thapar, A. Cooper, M. (2016). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Lancet; London387.10024 (Mar 19, 2016): 1240-1250.
ADD/ADHD
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- Russell-Chapin, L. A., Kemmerly, T., Liu, W. C., Zagardo, M., Chapin, T., Dailey, D., & Dihn, D. (2013). The effects of neurofeedback in the default mode network: Pilot study results of medicated children with ADHD. Journal of Neurotherapy, 17, 35-42. doi: 10.1080/10874208.2 013.759017
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- Arnold LE Lofthouse N Hersch S EEG neurofeedback for ADHD: double-blind sham-controlled randomized pilot feasibility trial. J Atten Disord. 2013 ; 17 (5): 410 – 419. 10.1177/1087054712446173
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- Faraone SV Buitelaar J. Comparing the efficacy of stimulants for ADHD in children and adolescents using meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010 ; 19 (4): 353 – 364. 10.1007/s00787-009-0054-3
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- Lubar, J. F. (2003). Neurofeedback for the management of attention- deficit disorders. In M. Schwartz & F. Andrasik (Eds.), Biofeedback: A practitioner’s guide (pp. 409–437). New York: The Guilford Press.
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- Mayer, K., Blume, F., Wyckoff, S. N., Brokmeier, L. L., & Strehl, U. (2016). Neurofeedback of slow cortical potentials as a treatment for adults with attention deficit-/hyperactivity disorder. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 ; 127 (2): 1374 – 1386. 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.11.013
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- Riddle, M. A., Yershova, K., Lazzaretto, D. (2013). The Preschool Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study (PATS) 6-year follow-up. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2013 ; 52 (3): 264 – 278.e2. 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.12.007
- Steiner, N. J., Frenette, E. C., Rene, K. M., Brennan, R. T., & Perrin, E. C. (2014). In-school neurofeedback training for adhd: sustained improvements from a randomized control trial. Pediatrics. 2014 ; 133 (3): 483 – 492. 10.1542/peds.2013-2059
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- van Dongen-Boomsma, M. (2014). Need, quest and evidence resting-state oscillations, neurofeedback, and working memory training in ADHD. Nijmegen: Radboud University.
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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Psychosomatic Symptoms
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Food Cravings
- Fattahi, Samineh; Naderi, Farah; Asgari, Parviz; Ahadi, Hassan. Neuro-Feedback Training For Overweight Women: Improvement of Food Craving And Mental Health. NeuroQuantology; Bornova Izmir15.2 (2017).
- Schmidt, J. & Martin, A. (2015). Neurofeedback Reduces Overeating Episodes in Female Restrained Eaters: A Randomized Controlled Pilot-Study. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback; New York40.4 (Dec 2015): 283-295.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
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- Ayers, Susan; McKenzie-McHarg, Kirstie; Eagle, Andrew. Cognitive behaviour therapy for postnatal post-traumatic stress disorder: case studies. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology; Utrecht 28.3 (Sep 2007): 177-84.
Behavioral Issues
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Psychiatric Disorders
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- Diaz Hernandez, L., Rieger, K., Baenninger, A., Brandeis, D., & Koenig, T. Towards Using Microstate-Neurofeedback for the Treatment of Psychotic Symptoms in Schizophrenia. A Feasibility Study in Healthy Participants. Brain Topography; New York29.2 (Mar 2016): 308-321.
Memory
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- Guez, J., Rogel, A., Getter, N., Keha, E., Cohen, T., Amor, T., et al. (2014). Influence of EEG neurofeedback training on episodic memory: A randomized, sham-controlled, double blind study. Memory. doi:10.1080/09658211.2014.921713
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
- Kolbert, L. (2020). Microcurrent Neurofeedback vs Traditional Neurofeedback in the Reduction of Post TBI Cognitive Symptoms. Kolbert et al. Poster
- Huang, M. X., Swan, A. R., Quinto, A. A., Matthews, S., Harrington, D. L., Nichols, S., Bruder, B. J., Snook, C. C., Huang, C. W., Baker, D. G. & Lee, R. L. Passive Neurofeedback Treatments for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Neuroimaging Changes Detected by MEG after applying Low-Intensity Pulses using Transcranial Electrical Stimulation.
- Carlson, J., & Ross, G. W. (2021). Neurofeedback impact on chronic headache, sleep, and attention disorders experienced by veterans with mild traumatic brain injury: a pilot study. Biofeedback, 49(1), 2-9. https://doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-49.01.01
- Buhagiar, F., Fitzgerald, M., Bell, J., Allanson, F., & Pestell, C. (2020). Neuromodulation for mild traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: a systematic review. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 14, 598208. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.598208
- Bakhshayesh Eghbali, B., Ramezani, S., Sedaghat Herfeh, S., Emir Alavi, C., Najafi, K., Esmaeeli Lipaei, P., … & Ramezani Kapourchali, F. (2023). Transcranial direct current stimulation improves sleep quality in patients with insomnia after traumatic brain injury. Brain injury, 37(1), 63-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2022.2145363
- Munivenkatappa A., Rajeswaran J., Indira D. B., Bennet N., & Upadhyay N. (2014). EEG Neurofeedback therapy: Can it attenuate brain changes in TBI? NeuroRehabilitation 2014;35:481-4.
- Nelson, D. V., & Esty, M. L. (2013). Neurotherapy of Traumatic Brain Injury/Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Vietnam Veterans. Military Medicine; Bethesda180.10 (Oct 2015): E1111-E1114.
- Thomas, J L., & Smith, M. L. (2015). Neurofeedback for Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Trends. Biofeedback (Online); Lawrence43.1 (Spring 2015): 31-37.